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Leshan 乐山

Sichuan Province · Sichuan Province, Southwest China

A three-river city where the Giant Buddha, Mount Emei, living religious landscapes, industrial and farming districts, Yi communities, handmade paper, and a dense food culture must be read at several scales.

Leshan Giant Buddha carved into a vegetated red-sandstone cliff
Photo: 王计 · source · CC BY 2.5

At a glance

Region
Sichuan Province[1][2][3][4]
Administrative type
4 districts, 4 counties, 2 autonomous counties, and 1 county-level city[1][2][3][4]
Time zone
China Standard Time (UTC+8)[1][2][3][4]
Population
3.15 million（2024 reference）[1][2][3][4]
Climate
Humid subtropical monsoon climate with mountain gradients[1][2][3][4]
Guide scope
Complete municipal coverage across 4 districts, 4 counties, 2 autonomous counties, and 1 county-level city[1][2][3][4]

Understand Leshan through connected city and county landscapes

Leshan is an eleven-unit municipality, not a two-attraction itinerary. Shizhong contains the three-river urban core and Giant Buddha; Emeishan rises through subtropical forest to high-elevation pilgrimage sites; Wutongqiao and Shawan add salt, industry, old streets, literary memory, and the Dadu corridor; Jinkouhe, Ebian, and Mabian extend into steep mountain and Yi-community landscapes; Qianwei, Jingyan, Jiajiang, and Muchuan contribute rail, old towns, pagodas, irrigation, paper, tea, bamboo, farming, and county services.

The World Heritage property joins cultural and natural values. The Giant Buddha was begun in 713 and completed in 803 at the confluence of the Min, Dadu, and Qingyi rivers; Mount Emei combines long religious history with exceptional elevation, vegetation, and species diversity. Yet heritage is not static scenery: cliff drainage, stone weathering, biological growth, forest ecology, fire prevention, visitor pressure, active worship, transport, water and waste systems, monitoring, and repair decisions all require continuing work.

Craft and food reveal working systems behind the famous landscape. Jiajiang paper depends on bamboo or bark preparation, repeated pulping, sheet formation, pressing, drying, tools, water, labor, apprenticeship, and markets. Wutongqiao salt, Muchuan bamboo, Qianwei rail and town life, Ebian embroidery, Mabian tea and agriculture, street kitchens, wholesale supply, food safety, standards, and waste flows show how landscape, industry, household work, and consumption connect.

This guide uses neutral, evidence-led language. It separates documented chronology from legend; surviving fabric from repair or reconstruction; religious practice from tourism; ethnic self-representation from outsider stereotype; biodiversity records from scenic branding; and a named dish from one compulsory recipe. Image dates, access, opening hours, transport, flood, rockfall, forest-fire, food-allergy, hygiene, and conservation conditions can change and should be verified locally.

Land and water

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Land and water.

Historical layers

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Historical layers.

Living culture

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Living culture.

County diversity

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: County diversity.

Location, boundary, and 3D buildings

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Dadu–Min–Qingyi confluence.[1][2][3][4]

Loading city geometry…
County boundaries: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL

Geography and the shape of the city

Four geographic relationships define Leshan.

Dadu–Min–Qingyi confluence

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Dadu–Min–Qingyi confluence.[1][2][3][4]

Mount Emei elevation gradient

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Mount Emei elevation gradient.[1][2][3][4]

Southern mountain counties

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Southern mountain counties.[1][2][3][4]

Eleven county-level units

This city-specific topic connects place, daily life, and the wider municipal landscape: Eleven county-level units.[1][2][3][4]

Weather now

Loading current conditions…

Forecast data: Open-Meteo

Population

3.15 million

Permanent residents across Leshan Municipality

Population figures use the administrative area and source date shown below.[1][2][3][4]

Climate

Humid subtropical monsoon climate with mountain gradients

Warm wet basin conditions shift rapidly with elevation around Mount Emei and southern mountain counties.

Climate describes long-term seasonal patterns; live conditions appear separately.[1][2][3][4]

Seasonal patterns

March–May

Spring

Temperatures rise quickly; rain, cloud, and local elevation call for flexible outdoor plans in Leshan.[1][2][3][4]

June–August

Summer

Warm wet basin conditions shift rapidly with elevation around Mount Emei and southern mountain counties.[1][2][3][4]

September–November

Autumn

Clearer intervals and cooler evenings usually favor river, old-town, museum, and county routes.[1][2][3][4]

December–February

Winter

Damp cool conditions make layered clothing and indoor–outdoor route pairing practical.[1][2][3][4]

A short history of the city

Nine evidence-led layers move from three-river settlement through the Tang Giant Buddha, Mount Emei, Jiajiang water and paper, Wutongqiao salt, Qianwei rail, Shawan memory, twentieth-century change, and contemporary World Heritage stewardship.

Image credits and licenses

  1. Routes, terraces, farming, and exchange

    The Min, Dadu, and Qingyi systems linked fertile terraces, mountain approaches, ferry points, markets, and long-distance routes. Archaeology, tombs, inscriptions, place names, and later texts indicate deep settlement, but early communities cannot be projected unchanged onto today's municipal borders.[6][3]

  2. Belief, river risk, geology, and organized labor

    The project joined Buddhist patronage with a hazardous confluence, red-sandstone carving, cliff access, drainage design, material removal, skilled and unskilled labor, food and supply systems, temples, and changing political support. Later stories illuminate memory but do not replace inscriptions, archaeology, architectural study, and conservation records.[5][8]

  3. Temples, paths, forests, elevation, and pilgrimage

    Religious institutions developed along routes that cross major elevation and vegetation zones. Monasteries, springs, bridges, inns, porters, farmers, forest use, scripture, ritual, repair, weather, landslides, wildlife, and later roads and cable systems formed a changing mountain network rather than one timeless sacred scene.[5][9]

  4. Water infrastructure supported fields and workshops

    Dongfengyan, Qianfoyan cliff carving, agricultural fields, settlements, water allocation, annual maintenance, flood risk, paper workshops, bamboo supply, and markets overlap in one landscape. Irrigation heritage remains functional; protection therefore involves hydraulic performance, archaeology, geology, water quality, farming, and community governance together.[13][10]

  5. Brine, fuel, chemistry, trade, and old streets

    Well and brine systems, boiling, fuel, workers, merchants, tax and administrative institutions, river transport, architecture, wartime relocation, chemical expertise, pollution, industrial decline, and reuse shaped Wutongqiao. Nostalgic old-street imagery should not erase workplace hazards, environmental costs, or later residents.[18][15]

  6. Mining transport became industrial heritage

    The Jiayang narrow-gauge railway served a coal-production system of mines, workers, stations, repair shops, fuel, water, freight, passenger needs, and surrounding farms. Tourism preserves visibility but changes operations, pricing, schedules, labor, emissions, safety, and local use. Qingxi and Luocheng add distinct street and market histories.[7][24]

  7. Biography, river corridor, factories, and public culture

    Guo Moruo's former residence is one node in a wider landscape of family history, education, writing, research, museums, later commemoration, rail and river infrastructure, factories, hydropower, neighborhoods, and ecological change. A biography site should document chronology and sources without becoming present-day political advocacy.[7][15]

  8. Municipal links intensified unevenly

    Modern transport connected the urban core, mines, salt and chemical works, farms, mountain counties, markets, schools, and hospitals, while topography kept access unequal. Industrialization, migration, reservoirs, conservation, hotels, mass tourism, and changing county administration created gains and costs that differed sharply by place and decade.[6][7]

  9. Monitoring, research, public services, and county futures

    World Heritage inscription strengthened international visibility but did not finish conservation. Stone monitoring, treatment trials, forest and wildlife management, fire and flood planning, crowd systems, religious-use coordination, public transport, accessible interpretation, food regulation, craft transmission, county livelihoods, and correction of outdated claims are ongoing responsibilities.[5][8][24]

People, language, and everyday rhythms

Six perspectives center language and eleven local contexts; heritage labor; paper, bamboo, salt, rail, farm, and factory work; Yi communities; food work; and residents' needs beyond tourism.

Language, movement, and eleven local contexts

Sichuan Mandarin is widespread, while Yi languages, accents, vocabulary, schooling, family origin, work migration, tourism contact, and generation vary. Shizhong, Wutongqiao, Shawan, Jinkouhe, Emeishan, Qianwei, Jingyan, Jiajiang, Muchuan, Ebian, and Mabian should never be collapsed into one personality type.[7][23]

River, cliff, temple, and conservation labor

Boat crews, masons, carvers, scaffolders, drainage workers, monastics, residents, researchers, photographers, surveyors, conservators, forest patrols, cleaners, firefighters, ticketing staff, guides, and transport workers occupy different roles. Heritage depends on routine care as much as famous historic patrons.[5][8]

Paper, bamboo, salt, rail, farm, and factory work

Cutting and soaking fiber, pulping, lifting sheets, pressing and drying paper; managing bamboo; drilling and boiling brine; mining and maintaining rail; planting tea and crops; processing food; and operating factories involve skill, injury risk, gendered tasks, seasonality, market shifts, environmental duties, and changing technology.[10][18][19]

Yi communities in Ebian and Mabian

Community life includes language, schools, farming, tea, forest relations, clothing and embroidery, silverwork, music, food, ceremonies, markets, migration, digital media, public services, and individual choices. Present practices differ by village, household, gender, generation, and context; they are not costumes frozen for tourism.[20][23]

Kitchen, market, street, and hospitality work

Slaughter and purchasing, early prep, stock, skewering, frying, braising, cooling, cleaning, refrigeration, serving, payment, delivery, queue management, inspection, waste, night work, allergies, and customer expectations produce Leshan's food economy. A famous dish should credit the full supply and labor chain.[14][16]

Residents beyond tourism

Children, older residents, commuters, farmers, factory and service workers, students, patients, caregivers, shopkeepers, religious communities, migrants, disabled people, and rural households use roads, schools, clinics, markets, parks, rivers, forests, temples, and digital services every day. Visitor convenience is only one municipal need among many.[7][2]

Culture and daily life

Image credits and licenses
  • Wuyou Temple courtyard architecturePhoto: Zapata1000 · source · CC0
  • Misty broadleaf forest on Mount EmeiPhoto: McKay Savage from London, UK · source · CC BY 2.0
  • Bamboo wares on a Qingxi streetPhoto: Nyx Ning · source · CC BY-SA 3.0
  • Mountain habitat in Mabian DafengdingPhoto: Li W-C (2018) Notes on Glaucocharis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 807: 149–158. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.807.29237 · source · CC BY 4.0

Giant Buddha visual and ritual culture

Scale, cliff approach, river viewing, pilgrimage, inscriptions, temples, photography, replicas, school learning, tourism images, conservation science, and active worship create overlapping ways of seeing. Avoid reducing a living and protected site to a single postcard angle.[5][8]

Mount Emei temple and route network

Temples, paths, stairs, bridges, springs, forests, inns, porters, food, texts, ritual calendars, martial traditions, weather knowledge, wildlife encounters, cable systems, and visitor rules form a network. Each component has its own date and evidence.[5][24]

Jiajiang handmade paper

Fiber selection, soaking, steaming, washing, beating, vat chemistry, screen lifting, couching, pressing, separating, wall or board drying, tool making, water, workshop organization, apprenticeship, calligraphy and painting markets, and contemporary design sustain the craft.[10][11]

Dongfengyan water culture

Annual maintenance, gates, channels, allocation, fields, villages, technical knowledge, ceremonies, records, flood response, water quality, ecological flow, archaeology, Qianfoyan carving, and contemporary irrigation make the system both infrastructure and heritage.[13]

Wutongqiao salt and old-street memory

Brine wells, boiling sheds, chimneys, chemical knowledge, merchant houses, workers' housing, river landings, shops, schools, migration, wartime institutions, environmental change, industrial archaeology, oral history, and adaptive reuse all belong in the record.[18]

Qianwei rail and old-town culture

Steam technology, railway work, mine memory, timetables, stations, rural crossings, photography, tourism, Qingxi bamboo wares, Luocheng street form, markets, residents, repair, fire safety, accessibility, and commercial change create several distinct cultural landscapes.[7][24]

Yi embroidery, silverwork, clothing, and language

Motifs, color, fiber, stitching, tailoring, silver techniques, household learning, cooperative training, authorship, pricing, intellectual property, ceremonial and everyday use, bilingual education, media, and buyer demand shape living practices in Ebian and Mabian.[20][23]

Muchuan bamboo landscape

Bamboo species, slopes, mixed forest, water storage, soil protection, shoots, harvest cycles, roads, household tenure, pulp and paper, furniture, food, wildlife, fire, pest management, tourism, prices, certification, and worker safety connect ecology with industry.[19]

Three-river urban culture

Embankments, bridges, ferries, flood memory, parks, exercise, fishing rules, markets, housing, lighting, festivals, schools, traffic, food streets, waste, river views, and changing waterfront projects define daily urban life beyond the Giant Buddha precinct.[6][16]

Museums, archives, research, and correction

Object catalogues, archaeology, inscriptions, maps, oral history, photographs, ecological surveys, conservation reports, craft documentation, food standards, bilingual labels, provenance, copyright, accessibility, public feedback, and versioned correction turn local culture into revisable knowledge.[15][17]

Food and local flavor

Twelve entries place qiaojiao beef, sweet-skin duck, bobo chicken, tofu pudding, skewers, Xiba tofu, eel and fish, Emei produce, Jiajiang fermentation, Qianwei market foods, Yi mountain foods, and everyday meals within technique, labor, safety, sourcing, and variation.

Image credits and licenses
Beef and offal in a clear, herb-finished broth

Qiaojiao beef

Beef and offal cuts, lawful sourcing, cleaning, blanching, stock, simmering, doneness, separation, holding temperature, herbs, salt, chile dip, bowl or pot service, bones, allergens, refrigeration, and shop variation matter. The name does not certify one origin story or recipe.[14][16]

Braised or cooked duck finished with a sweet crisp glaze

Sweet-skin duck

Duck source, cleaning, brining or simmering, spices, sugar stage, surface drying or frying, doneness, cooling, chopping, bones, glaze, sweetness, refrigeration, cross-contamination, stall hygiene, and batch turnover shape quality and safety.[14][17]

Cooked skewers cooled into chile, sesame, or pepper broth

Bobo chicken

Chicken, offal, vegetables, tofu, separate cooking times, cooling, skewers, stock or oil, chile, sesame, pepper, salt, shared containers, refrigeration, holding time, allergens, utensils, bone control, and fast turnover create substantial shop-to-shop difference.[14][16]

Soft curd, thickened broth, and layered toppings

Leshan tofu pudding

Soybeans, water, coagulant, curd texture, starch-thickened broth, meat, crisp crumbs, peanuts, pickles, herbs, chile, temperature, bowl assembly, freshness, allergens, sanitation, breakfast demand, takeaway, and neighborhood preference distinguish versions.[14][16]

Ingredient choice, rapid cooking, and shared seasoning systems

Malatang and fried skewers

Ingredient sourcing, raw and cooked separation, skewers, broth or oil, frying temperature, batch life, vegetables, meat, tofu, seafood, starches, chile, sesame, peanuts, sanitation, tongs, refrigeration, waste, price by weight, and queue pressure require disciplined operations.[14][16]

Many textures from one soy-based ingredient

Xiba tofu banquet

Soybean variety, soaking, grinding, filtering, boiling, coagulant, water, pressing, cutting, frying, steaming, braising, stuffing, sauces, freshness, allergens, kitchen organization, banquet sequencing, and restaurant innovation create a family of dishes rather than one plate.[14][17]

Traceability before river romance

Linjiang eel strips and river fish

Species identification, protected-species and fishing rules, aquaculture or purchase records, water quality, cold chain, live holding, cleaning, bones, cutting, oil temperature, aromatics, chile, kitchen separation, cooking, and waste control come before any claim of wild origin.[14][17]

Foothill markets connect fields, ponds, forest edges, and kitchens

Emei eel, tea, and mountain produce

Tea cultivar, harvest, withering or fixing, storage, water and brewing; eel sourcing and handling; bamboo shoots, mushrooms, vegetables, herbs, and preserved foods each follow different seasons, safety rules, labor systems, and price cycles.[14][7]

Fermentation and agriculture within an irrigated county

Jiajiang fermented tofu and tea

Soybeans, tofu structure, starter, salt, vessels, temperature, time, microbial control, flavor additions, packaging, labeling, storage, and food regulation shape fermented tofu. Tea adds cultivar, field management, harvest, processing, grading, and market traceability.[14][13]

Market-town foods shaped by early preparation and travel

Luocheng mutton soup and Qianwei pastries

Mutton source, cuts, blanching, stock, doneness, herbs, offal, refrigeration, and service temperature matter alongside flour, fat, sugar, sesame, kneading, lamination, baking or frying, cooling, allergens, packaging, shelf life, and local shop histories.[14][7]

Mountain food varies by household, season, and occasion

Yi buckwheat cakes, potatoes, bamboo shoots, and cured meat

Buckwheat variety, milling, water, shaping and cooking; potato cultivar and frying oil; bamboo-shoot identification and processing; meat source, salting, smoking, drying, nitrite control, storage, reheating, ritual context, and household preference require separate description.[17][21]

The complete food system beyond signature dishes

Markets, schools, canteens, delivery, and home meals

Breakfast stalls, wholesale and produce markets, rural shops, school and factory canteens, temple-area meals, family kitchens, rice, noodles, vegetables, eggs, tofu, meat, fruit, payment, delivery, nutrition, allergies, inspection, accessibility, affordability, waste, and water describe daily eating more fully.[14][16]

Landmarks and architecture

Image credits and licenses

Leshan Giant Buddha and Lingyun cliff

A World Heritage monument and geological landscape requiring attention to the 71-metre figure, carving sequence, drainage, stone, vegetation, river current, temples, paths, inscriptions, conservation trials, monitoring, repairs, crowd management, respectful conduct, and changing access.[5][8]

Mount Emei

A mountain system rather than one summit: foothill towns, temples, forests, streams, elevation zones, wildlife, paths, stairs, weather, landslide and fire risk, religious use, roads, buses, cable systems, lodging, waste, conservation zoning, and county communities all matter.[5][24]

Wuyou Temple and Mahao cliff-tomb context

A river-island and cliff landscape combining active temple life, historic buildings, paths, sculpture, tomb archaeology, inscriptions, vegetation, humidity, drainage, fire prevention, bridges, public interpretation, protection boundaries, and access within the wider Giant Buddha property.[5][9]

Three-river waterfront and Jiadingfang

An urban system of confluence currents, sediment, flood control, embankments, ferries, bridges, parks, housing, commerce, historic-style development, food streets, lighting, exercise, tourism, residents, water quality, accessibility, safety, and continual redevelopment.[6][16]

Dongfengyan and Qianfoyan

A living irrigation and cliff-heritage landscape in Jiajiang where channels, gates, rock carving, inscriptions, fields, villages, annual maintenance, water allocation, archaeology, geology, monitoring, flood response, farming, visitor access, and coordinated protection intersect.[13]

Jiajiang paper villages and museum network

A distributed craft landscape of bamboo or bark supply, water, pulping yards, vats, screens, pressing, drying walls, tools, homes, workshops, museums, archives, calligraphy and painting markets, apprentices, contemporary design, worker safety, and environmental management.[10][12]

Jiayang railway, Qingxi, and Luocheng

Qianwei contains several different places: a narrow-gauge industrial railway and former mining landscape; Qingxi's streets, bamboo wares, homes, and river memories; and Luocheng's distinctive market-town form. Verify schedules, access, repair, fire safety, and current resident use separately.[7][24]

Guo Moruo former residence and Shawan landscape

A biography and museum site within a Dadu River district also shaped by rail, factories, hydropower, neighborhoods, rural slopes, schools, and environmental change. Separate the person's chronology, surviving family fabric, later memorial construction, collections, and current interpretation.[7][15]

Jinkouhe Grand Canyon and Dadu corridor

A steep mountain system of exposed strata, river, tunnels, bridges, rail and roads, settlements, power infrastructure, protected landscapes, weather, rockfall, flood, landslide, emergency access, visitor viewpoints, and everyday mobility. Conditions can change quickly.[24][21]

Sanjiang White Pagoda and Jingyan county

A county monument embedded among trees, towns, farms, roads, markets, schools, water systems, and local services. The tower itself requires structural records, brick and surface study, vegetation control, lightning protection, repair history, legal boundaries, safe access, and community interpretation.[7][15]

Muchuan bamboo sea and county forest landscape

A production and ecological landscape of bamboo species, mixed forest, streams, slopes, villages, harvest roads, shoots, pulp and paper, household income, wildlife, fire prevention, pests, tourism facilities, trails, waste, worker safety, certification, and changing market demand.[19]

Ebian, Mabian, and southern mountain landscapes

Two autonomous counties with distinct towns, villages, languages, schools, clinics, Yi cultural practices, tea and farming, forests, reserves, roads, bridges, markets, migration, flood and slope risk, biodiversity, public services, and household choices. Neither is a single scenic or ethnic tableau.[21][22][23]

Ways to explore the city

Three routes pair the core city with contrasting county-level landscapes.

Field route

Giant Buddha → Wuyou Temple → three-river waterfront

Use this sequence to compare the core city with a distinct county-level landscape.[1][2][3][4]

Field route

Mount Emei foothill → Baoguo Temple → Golden Summit context

Use this sequence to compare the core city with a distinct county-level landscape.[1][2][3][4]

Field route

Jiajiang paper village → county market → Luocheng old town

Use this sequence to compare the core city with a distinct county-level landscape.[1][2][3][4]

Continue with a local story

Documentary image for a local story about Leshan
Photo: 王计 · source · CC BY 2.5
Featured story

Why was a giant Buddha carved where three rivers meet?

The site joins belief, river safety, cliff geology, labor, transport, engineering, pilgrimage, and modern conservation.

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Sources, revision, and publication status

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Numbered reference sources

  1. Leshan Municipal Government — official portalLeshan Municipal Government · Checked 2026-07-17
  2. Leshan — reviewed population and statistical referenceLeshan Statistics authority · Checked 2026-07-17
  3. Sichuan Local Chronicles — Leshan recordsSichuan Local Chronicles Office · Checked 2026-07-17
  4. China Meteorological Administration — climate referenceChina Meteorological Administration · Checked 2026-07-17
  5. UNESCO — Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic AreaUNESCO World Heritage Centre · Checked 2026-07-17
  6. Sichuan Government — Leshan geography, history, Giant Buddha, Mount Emei, and city overviewPeople's Government of Sichuan Province · Checked 2026-07-17
  7. Sichuan Government — Leshan's eleven county-level units, agriculture, destinations, and heritagePeople's Government of Sichuan Province · Checked 2026-07-17
  8. Sichuan Cultural Heritage Administration — Leshan grotto conservation and researchSichuan Cultural Heritage Administration · Checked 2026-07-17
  9. Sichuan Cultural Heritage Administration — protection of the Mount Emei–Leshan Giant Buddha heritage areaSichuan Cultural Heritage Administration · Checked 2026-07-17
  10. China ICH — Jiajiang bamboo-paper making techniqueChina Intangible Cultural Heritage Network · Checked 2026-07-17
  11. China ICH — materials, stages, tools, and transmission of Jiajiang paperChina Intangible Cultural Heritage Network · Checked 2026-07-17
  12. China ICH — contemporary Jiajiang paper practice and public transmissionChina Intangible Cultural Heritage Network · Checked 2026-07-17
  13. Sichuan Government — Dongfengyan irrigation, Qianfoyan grottoes, protection, and continuing water usePeople's Government of Sichuan Province · Checked 2026-07-17
  14. Sichuan Local Chronicles — Leshan dishes, county foods, markets, and culinary traditionsSichuan Local Chronicles Office · Checked 2026-07-17
  15. Sichuan Local Chronicles — Leshan's mountain, river, heritage, craft, and food culturesSichuan Local Chronicles Office · Checked 2026-07-17
  16. Leshan Government — culinary heritage projects, dish standards, food streets, and industry institutionsLeshan Municipal People's Government · Checked 2026-07-17
  17. Leshan Government — seventh municipal intangible-cultural-heritage listLeshan Municipal People's Government · Checked 2026-07-17
  18. Sichuan Local Chronicles — Wutongqiao salt industry, old streets, architecture, and social historySichuan Local Chronicles Office · Checked 2026-07-17
  19. Leshan Government — Muchuan bamboo forests, industry, ecology, tourism, and livelihoodsLeshan Municipal People's Government · Checked 2026-07-17
  20. Sichuan Ethnic Affairs — Ebian Yi embroidery, makers, training, and marketsSichuan Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission · Checked 2026-07-17
  21. Sichuan Government — Ebian mountain communities, ecology, public services, and local developmentPeople's Government of Sichuan Province · Checked 2026-07-17
  22. Sichuan Ethnic Affairs — Mabian agriculture, tea, rural industry, and household livelihoodsSichuan Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission · Checked 2026-07-17
  23. Sichuan Ethnic Affairs — Mabian education and bilingual learning contextSichuan Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission · Checked 2026-07-17
  24. Sichuan Government — Greater Emei transport, heritage, nature, county destinations, and visitor systemsPeople's Government of Sichuan Province · Checked 2026-07-17
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