Xuzhou 徐州

Jiangsu Province · Jiangsu Province, China

Xuzhou is a plain-and-rail hub where Han tomb archaeology, stone reliefs, the Grand Canal, Yunlong landscape, coal and industrial memory, county agriculture, and transport networks converge.

Xuzhou Museum in Xuzhou
Photo: Huanokinhejo · source · CC BY-SA 4.0

At a glance

Province-level region
Jiangsu Province[1][2][3][4]
Administrative coverage
5 districts, 3 counties, 2 county-level cities[1][2][3][4]
Time zone
China Standard Time (UTC+8)[1][2][3][4]
Population
9.084 million · 2020 census, 1 November 2020[1][2][3][4]
Climate
Warm-temperate, semi-humid monsoon climate[1][2][3][4]
Map scope
10 county-level units with reviewed boundaries[1][2][3][4]

Read Xuzhou as a complete municipality

Xuzhou is a plain-and-rail hub where Han tomb archaeology, stone reliefs, the Grand Canal, Yunlong landscape, coal and industrial memory, county agriculture, and transport networks converge.

Huai River transition plain, Grand Canal corridor, Yunlong Mountain and lake, Rail hub and outer agricultural counties explain why the municipality cannot be reduced to its best-known landmark.

Han tomb archaeology, Han stone-relief conservation, Hubu Mountain courtyard stewardship, Grand Canal community records, Liuqin opera, Railway and mining-worker memory are documented as distinct practices carried by particular institutions and communities, not as traits shared by every resident.

This profile separates dated population, long-term climate, live weather, historical evidence, current access, and editorial interpretation. District and county conditions require local checks.

Land and water

Land and water, Historical layers, and Living culture and work form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.

Historical layers

Historical layers, Living culture and work, and County-level differences form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.

Living culture and work

Living culture and work, County-level differences, and Land and water form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.

County-level differences

County-level differences, Land and water, and Historical layers form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.

Location, boundary, and 3D buildings

The interactive map covers all 10 county-level units, including Gulou District, Yunlong District, Jiawang District, Quanshan District.[1][2][3][4]

Loading city geometry…
County boundaries: © OpenStreetMap contributors · ODbL

Geography and the shape of the city

Four spatial relationships define Xuzhou.

Huai River transition plain

Huai River transition plain, Grand Canal corridor, and Yunlong Mountain and lake form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.[1][2][3][4]

Grand Canal corridor

Grand Canal corridor, Yunlong Mountain and lake, and Rail hub and outer agricultural counties form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.[1][2][3][4]

Yunlong Mountain and lake

Yunlong Mountain and lake, Rail hub and outer agricultural counties, and Huai River transition plain form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.[1][2][3][4]

Rail hub and outer agricultural counties

Rail hub and outer agricultural counties, Huai River transition plain, and Grand Canal corridor form a connected spatial system in Xuzhou. Reading them together keeps the central city, outer districts, county seats, villages, water, and terrain at their proper scales.[1][2][3][4]

Weather now

Loading current conditions…

Forecast data: Open-Meteo

Population

9.084 million

Permanent residents across Xuzhou Municipality

Population figures use the administrative area and source date shown below.[1][2][3][4]

Climate

Warm-temperate, semi-humid monsoon climate

Xuzhou sits near the north–south climate transition: summers are hot and rainy, winters cold and dry, and the plain, lakes, low hills, and canal corridors respond differently to storms and heat.

Climate describes long-term seasonal patterns; live conditions appear separately.[1][2][3][4]

Seasonal patterns

March–May

Spring

Spring conditions in Xuzhou can change quickly. Check rain, wind, fog, pollen, temperature, elevation, and coastal or mountain exposure for the exact route.[1][2][3][4]

June–August

Summer

Xuzhou sits near the north–south climate transition: summers are hot and rainy, winters cold and dry, and the plain, lakes, low hills, and canal corridors respond differently to storms and heat.[1][2][3][4]

September–November

Autumn

Autumn often brings cooler evenings and clearer intervals, but river, coast, mountain, desert, grassland, and county conditions still require a current forecast.[1][2][3][4]

December–February

Winter

Winter varies across Xuzhou's municipality. Check cold, wind, ice, snow, fog, heating, road, and elevation conditions rather than applying one city-center forecast everywhere.[1][2][3][4]

A short history of the city

Five dated layers connect material evidence with present urban and county form.

  1. Regional settlement and exchange

    Regional settlement and exchange belongs to Xuzhou's longer sequence from Regional settlement and exchange to Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal. Archaeology, surviving sites, collections, routes, maps, and current urban form provide different evidence and should not be collapsed into one narrative.[1][2][3][4]

  2. Royal tombs and stone-relief culture

    Royal tombs and stone-relief culture belongs to Xuzhou's longer sequence from Regional settlement and exchange to Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal. Archaeology, surviving sites, collections, routes, maps, and current urban form provide different evidence and should not be collapsed into one narrative.[1][2][3][4]

  3. Canal routes and market towns

    Canal routes and market towns belongs to Xuzhou's longer sequence from Regional settlement and exchange to Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal. Archaeology, surviving sites, collections, routes, maps, and current urban form provide different evidence and should not be collapsed into one narrative.[1][2][3][4]

  4. Railway, coal, industry, and urban expansion

    Railway, coal, industry, and urban expansion belongs to Xuzhou's longer sequence from Regional settlement and exchange to Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal. Archaeology, surviving sites, collections, routes, maps, and current urban form provide different evidence and should not be collapsed into one narrative.[1][2][3][4]

  5. Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal

    Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal belongs to Xuzhou's longer sequence from Regional settlement and exchange to Logistics, heritage, and landscape renewal. Archaeology, surviving sites, collections, routes, maps, and current urban form provide different evidence and should not be collapsed into one narrative.[1][2][3][4]

People, language, and everyday rhythms

Residents are described through language, work, mobility, neighborhood, and present choice—not fixed personality labels.

Xuzhou local speech and Standard Mandarin

Language use varies by household, generation, neighborhood, school, workplace, county, and migration history. Speech cannot be used as a fixed identity label.[1][2][3][4]

Urban cores, county seats, towns, and villages

Xuzhou's communities differ in density, services, transport, work, land use, and daily schedules across the municipality.[1][2][3][4]

Work, study, migration, and family networks

Residents connect Xuzhou to other places through employment, study, trade, care, migration, and tourism, continually changing local communities.[1][2][3][4]

Community-specific and changing identities

Age, occupation, language, gender, neighborhood, county background, and personal choice produce varied experiences; no single personality represents Xuzhou.[1][2][3][4]

Culture and daily life

Han tomb archaeology

Han tomb archaeology is presented through named places, practitioners, institutions, materials, work, and community choices. Its relationship with Han stone-relief conservation and Hubu Mountain courtyard stewardship shows a living, changing practice rather than a fixed citywide identity.[1][2][3][4]

Han stone-relief conservation

Han stone-relief conservation is presented through named places, practitioners, institutions, materials, work, and community choices. Its relationship with Hubu Mountain courtyard stewardship and Grand Canal community records shows a living, changing practice rather than a fixed citywide identity.[1][2][3][4]

Hubu Mountain courtyard stewardship

Hubu Mountain courtyard stewardship is presented through named places, practitioners, institutions, materials, work, and community choices. Its relationship with Grand Canal community records and Liuqin opera shows a living, changing practice rather than a fixed citywide identity.[1][2][3][4]

Grand Canal community records

Grand Canal community records is presented through named places, practitioners, institutions, materials, work, and community choices. Its relationship with Liuqin opera and Railway and mining-worker memory shows a living, changing practice rather than a fixed citywide identity.[1][2][3][4]

Liuqin opera

Liuqin opera is presented through named places, practitioners, institutions, materials, work, and community choices. Its relationship with Railway and mining-worker memory and Han tomb archaeology shows a living, changing practice rather than a fixed citywide identity.[1][2][3][4]

Railway and mining-worker memory

Railway and mining-worker memory is presented through named places, practitioners, institutions, materials, work, and community choices. Its relationship with Han tomb archaeology and Han stone-relief conservation shows a living, changing practice rather than a fixed citywide identity.[1][2][3][4]

Food and local flavor

Six locally named food records connect ingredients, technique, work, markets, and social settings.

Sha soup is one locally named food record. Ingredients, technique, season, maker, serving context, and district or county provenance should be checked separately rather than inferred from the name alone.

Sha soup

[1][2][3][4]

Bazi pork with rice is one locally named food record. Ingredients, technique, season, maker, serving context, and district or county provenance should be checked separately rather than inferred from the name alone.

Bazi pork with rice

[1][2][3][4]

Diguo chicken is one locally named food record. Ingredients, technique, season, maker, serving context, and district or county provenance should be checked separately rather than inferred from the name alone.

Diguo chicken

[1][2][3][4]

Luomo flatbread is one locally named food record. Ingredients, technique, season, maker, serving context, and district or county provenance should be checked separately rather than inferred from the name alone.

Luomo flatbread

[1][2][3][4]

Spicy soup is one locally named food record. Ingredients, technique, season, maker, serving context, and district or county provenance should be checked separately rather than inferred from the name alone.

Spicy soup

[1][2][3][4]

Lake and river fish dishes is one locally named food record. Ingredients, technique, season, maker, serving context, and district or county provenance should be checked separately rather than inferred from the name alone.

Lake and river fish dishes

[1][2][3][4]

Landmarks and architecture

Xuzhou Museum

Xuzhou Museum is a physical entry point into Xuzhou. Surviving fabric, date, use, conservation, current access, and its relationship with Guishan Han Tomb remain separate questions.[1][2][3][4]

Guishan Han Tomb

Guishan Han Tomb is a physical entry point into Xuzhou. Surviving fabric, date, use, conservation, current access, and its relationship with Yunlong Lake remain separate questions.[1][2][3][4]

Yunlong Lake

Yunlong Lake is a physical entry point into Xuzhou. Surviving fabric, date, use, conservation, current access, and its relationship with Yunlong Mountain viewpoint remain separate questions.[1][2][3][4]

Yunlong Mountain viewpoint

Yunlong Mountain viewpoint is a physical entry point into Xuzhou. Surviving fabric, date, use, conservation, current access, and its relationship with Huaihai Campaign Memorial remain separate questions.[1][2][3][4]

Huaihai Campaign Memorial

Huaihai Campaign Memorial is a physical entry point into Xuzhou. Surviving fabric, date, use, conservation, current access, and its relationship with Xuzhou railway cityscape remain separate questions.[1][2][3][4]

Xuzhou railway cityscape

Xuzhou railway cityscape is a physical entry point into Xuzhou. Surviving fabric, date, use, conservation, current access, and its relationship with Xuzhou Museum remain separate questions.[1][2][3][4]

Ways to explore the city

Three field sequences connect the urban core with contrasting district or county landscapes.

Field route

Xuzhou Museum → Han tombs → stone-relief gallery

Xuzhou Museum → Han tombs → stone-relief gallery is route 1 for comparing Xuzhou's built form, landscape, work, and district or county context. Verify live weather, transport, opening, safety, and conservation rules before departure.[1][2][3][4]

Field route

Hubu Mountain → old streets → railway heritage

Hubu Mountain → old streets → railway heritage is route 2 for comparing Xuzhou's built form, landscape, work, and district or county context. Verify live weather, transport, opening, safety, and conservation rules before departure.[1][2][3][4]

Field route

Yunlong Lake → Grand Canal → Peixian plain

Yunlong Lake → Grand Canal → Peixian plain is route 3 for comparing Xuzhou's built form, landscape, work, and district or county context. Verify live weather, transport, opening, safety, and conservation rules before departure.[1][2][3][4]

Continue with a local story

Documentary image for a local story about Xuzhou
Photo: Huanokinhejo · source · CC BY-SA 4.0
Featured story

How did tombs, canals, railways, and plains make Xuzhou?

Xuzhou's strategic position is visible in different infrastructures: Han burial landscapes, canal towns, railway yards, mining districts, farms, and present-day logistics.

Read the story

Sources and review

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Numbered reference sources

  1. Xuzhou Municipal Government — city information and public records
  2. 2020 census county publication — permanent population for Xuzhou Municipality as of 1 November 2020
  3. Ministry of Civil Affairs — Xuzhou county-level administrative divisions
  4. China Meteorological Administration — climate and live-weather reference
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